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Dependent edema in pregnancy, resulting from restriction of venous return by the expanded uterus, is properly treated through elevation of the lower extremities and use of support hose; use of diuretics to lower intravascular volume in this case is illogical and unnecessary. There is hypervolemia during normal pregnancy which is not harmful to either the fetus or the mother (in the absence of cardiovascular disease) but which is associated with edema, including generalized edema, in the majority of pregnant women. If this edema produces discomfort, increased recumbency will often provide relief. In rare instances, this edema may cause extreme discomfort which is not relieved by rest. Dosage And AdministrationTherapy should be individualized according to patient response. Take this medicine by mouth with a glass of water. Follow the directions on the prescription label. Take your medicine at regular intervals. Remember that you will need to pass urine frequently after taking this medicine. Do not take your doses at a time of day that will cause you problems. Do not stop taking your medicine unless your doctor tells you to.Talk to your pediatrician regarding the use of this medicine in children. Special care may be needed.Overdosage: If you think you have taken too much of this medicine contact a poison control center or emergency room at once.Note: This medicine is only for you. What If I Miss A Dose?May be given as a single dose every morning. Maintenance: After a week dosage may be adjusted downward to as little as 25 mg a day, or upward. Rarely patients may require up to 200 mg daily in divided doses. Combined Therapy: When necessary, other antihypertensive agents may be added cautiously. Since this drug potentiates the antihypertensive effect of other agents, such additions should be gradual. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you can. list may not describe all possible interactions. Cholestyramine , colestipol , digoxin , dofetilide , lithium , medicines for blood pressure , medicines for diabetes , medicines that relax muscles for surgery , other diuretics , steroid medicines like prednisone or cortisone.This Give your health care providers a list of all the medicines, herbs, non-prescription drugs, or dietary supplements you use. Also tell them if you smoke, drink alcohol, or use illegal drugs. Maintenance: 25 to 100 mg daily or intermittently depending on the patient's response. WarningsSide effects that you should report to your doctor or health care professional as soon as possible:allergic reactions such as skin rash or itching, hives, swelling of the lips, mouth, tongue, or throat , chest pain , fast or irregular heartbeat , feeling faint or lightheaded, falls , gout attack , muscle pain or cramps , pain or difficulty when passing urine , pain, tingling, numbness in the hands or feet , redness, blistering, peeling or loosening of the skin, including inside the mouth , unusually weak or tired .Side In patients with renal disease, thiazides may precipitate azotemia. PrecautionsInterference with adequate oral intake of electrolytes will also contribute to hypokalemia. Hypokalemia may be avoided or treated by use of potassium supplements or foods with a high potassium content. Any chloride deficit is generally mild and usually does not require specific treatment except under extraordinary circumstances (as in liver disease or renal disease). Dilutional hyponatremia may occur in edematous patients in hot weather; appropriate therapy is water restriction rather than administration of salt, except in rare instances when the hyponatremia is life-threatening. What Should I Tell My Health Care Providers Before I Take This Medicine?Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic. It increases the amount of urine passed, which causes the body to lose salt and water. This medicine is used to treat high blood pressure. It is also reduces the swelling and water retention caused by various medical conditions, such as heart, liver, or kidney disease. Initial and periodic determinations of serum electrolytes to detect possible electrolyte imbalance should be performed at appropriate intervals. How Should I Use This Medicine?Thiazide drugs may increase the responsiveness to tubocurarine. Lithium renal clearance is reduced by thiazides, increasing the risk of lithium toxicity. Insulin requirements in diabetic patients may be increased, decreased, or unchanged. Thiazides may decrease arterial responsiveness to norepinephrine. This diminution is not sufficient to preclude effectiveness of the pressor agent for therapeutic use. There have been rare reports in the literature of hemolytic anemia occurring with the concomitant use of hydrochlorothiazide and methyldopa. What May Interact With This Medicine?The NTP, however, found equivocal evidence for hepatocarcinogenicity in male mice. If it is almost time for your next dose, take only that dose. Two-year feeding studies in mice and rats conducted under the auspices of the National Toxicology Program (NTP) uncovered no evidence of a carcinogenic potential of hydrochlorothiazide in female mice (at doses of up to approximately 600 mg/kg/day) or in male and female rats (at doses of up to approximately 100 mg/kg/day). Hydrochlorothiazide was not genotoxic in in vitro assays using strains TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535, TA 1537, and TA 1538 of Salmonella typhimurium (Ames assay) and in the Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) test for chromosomal aberrations, or in in vivo assays using mouse germinal cell chromosomes, Chinese hamster bone marrow chromosomes, and the Drosophila sex-linked recessive lethal trait gene. Studies in which hydrochlorothiazide was orally administered to pregnant mice and rats during their respective periods of major organogenesis at doses up to 3000 and 1000 mg/kg/day, respectively, provided no evidence of harm to the fetus. There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Thiazides are excreted in breast milk. medicine can make you more sensitive to the sun. Keep out of the sun. If you cannot avoid being in the sun, wear protective clothing and use sunscreen. Avoid alcoholic drinks.This medicine may affect your blood sugar level. Alcohol may interfere with the effect of this medicine. This reduces the risk of dizzy or fainting spells. If you have diabetes, check with your doctor or health care professional before changing the dose of your diabetic medicine.This Check your blood pressure as directed. Ask your doctor or health care professional what your blood pressure should be and when you should contact him or her.You may need to be on a special diet while taking this medicine. Adverse ReactionsThe following adverse reactions have been observed, but there has not been enough systematic collection of data to support an estimate of their frequency. Consequently the reactions are categorized by organ systems and are listed in decreasing order of severity and not frequency. Digestive: Pancreatitis, jaundice (intrahepatic cholestatic), sialadenitis, vomiting, diarrhea, cramping, nausea, gastric irritation, constipation, anorexia. Cardiovascular: Orthostatic hypotension (may be potentiated by alcohol, barbiturates, or narcotics). Drug InteractionsPositive test results were obtained only in the in vitro CHO Sister Chromatid Exchange (clastogenicity) and in the Mouse Lymphoma Cell (mutagenicity) assays, using concentrations of hydrochlorothiazide from 43 to 1300 mg/mL, and in the Aspergillus nidulans nondisjunction assay at an unspecified concentration. OverdosageRenal: Polyuria, oliguria or anuria (due to hemoconcentration). Laboratory Findings: Hypokalemia, hyponatremia, hypochloremia, alkalosis, increased BUN (especially in patients with renal insufficiency). The most prominent feature of poisoning with Esidrix is acute loss of fluid and electrolytes. Cardiovascular: Tachycardia, hypotension, shock. Neuromuscula r: Weakness, confusion, dizziness, cramps of the calf muscles, paresthesia, fatigue, impairment of consciousness. Gastrointestinal: Nausea, vomiting, thirst. |
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